Cyclone Dust Collector are the simplest and least expensive dust collection devices for industrial air pollution control. Operation and maintenance are simple because they have no moving parts. This article discusses the most common cyclone separator design, the involute entry type with a counterflow, coaxial clean air outlet.
Types of Dust Collectors
The five principal types of industrial dust collectors that will be discussed in this article are:
• Cyclone Collectors (Inertial separators)
• Baghouses (Fabric collectors)
• Wet scrubbers
• Electrostatic precipitators
• Unit collectors
How Cyclone Dust Collectors Work
The incoming dirty air enters the cyclone and spins quickly as it moves down and then back up the unit on its way to the exiting through the outlet. The centrifugal force generated by spinning the air and it changing directions repeatedly causing the larger dust particles to be flung outwards where they strike the side of the unit and then fall down towards the discharge. The most common style cyclone creates a dual vortex, a main downward vortex to disperse the coarser matter, and a secondary upward vortex to remove the finer particles on the return to the outlet to the duct system.
Again as with the other kinds of inertial separators like knockout chambers, baffle plates, this systems main advantage is the lack of moving parts thus requiring less maintenance and repair. While it can be designed to remove a specific size range of particles, it still remains best used as a precleaner to eliminate coarse particles and ease the load on more efficient fabric filter units further downstream.
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